Inheritance Wars · No. 30 · Developing case · Estate administration · Executors and trustees · 8 min read

A real inheritance dispute — and the question of whether there was another way.

Inheritance Wars: £10 Million, Eight Years — and an Estate Still Waiting to Be Distributed

Paul Samuel died in a mountaineering accident in 2018. His estate was intended broadly to benefit his widow and daughter equally. More than eight years later, the administration is still unfinished and the parties are back in the High Court.

Peter Causton · 26 September 2026 · 8 min read

Editorial illustration: two separate document folders, a sealed envelope and a fountain pen on a desk, with a snow-covered mountain peak visible through the window. It does not depict any person, property or asset connected with the estate.

c. £10m

Reported value of the estate — a press figure, not a judicial valuation

2

Principal beneficiaries, reportedly intended to benefit broadly equally

8+ years

Since Paul Samuel’s death in June 2018

Adjourned

The September 2026 application has not yet been determined

Paul Samuel climbed mountains. Everest was among them.

In June 2018, aged 55, the businessman, author and explorer was climbing Alpamayo in the Peruvian Andes when an avalanche killed him and two fellow climbers.

He left an estate reported to be worth around £10 million. And, at first sight, the broad destination of that wealth does not appear to have been particularly mysterious: his widow, Ana Lesiak Samuel, and his daughter from a previous relationship, Kate Samuel, were broadly intended to benefit equally.

Paul died more than eight years ago. His estate is still not fully distributed.

That makes this a rather different Inheritance War. There is no reported dispute about whether Paul had testamentary capacity. There is no reported allegation that his will was forged. The central problem is now the administration itself.

Sometimes the inheritance war isn’t about the will. It’s about what happens afterwards.

What was supposed to happen?

Reporting of the current High Court proceedings describes Paul’s estate as worth approximately £10 million. That is a reported figure, not a judicial valuation.

Most of his wealth was placed into trust, and the reporting states that Ana and Kate were to benefit equally. Some substantial distributions have already occurred: Kate is reported to have received £1 million, and Ana is reported to have received Bank Farm near Whitchurch and another property.

But the administration has not been completed.

The first High Court proceedings

By 2023 disagreements concerning estate assets and their division had already reached the High Court. Ana unsuccessfully sought the removal of lawyer Anna Unett and Paul’s father, who was then also a trustee. The court subsequently gave directions concerning the division of assets. The reported objective was effectively to achieve a clean break between Ana and Kate.

Yet approximately three further years passed. The estate remained unfinished.

Back to court

In September 2026 the estate returned to the High Court before Master Francesca Kaye. This time Ms Unett, supported by Kate, seeks Ana’s removal as executor and co-trustee. Ana opposes the application.

  • Kate and Ms Unett contend that Ana’s conduct has delayed and complicated the administration and caused unnecessary expense.
  • Ana denies responsibility for the delay. Her case is that she was Paul’s chosen executor, that there is no proper basis for removing her, and that difficulties have instead been caused by Ms Unett withholding documents and information needed to complete the administration.

These are competing allegations. The court has not yet determined them. After a half-day hearing the matter was adjourned and is due to return to court.

The cost of eight years

There is no verified published figure for the total legal costs of the estate dispute, and the parties themselves disagree about responsibility for costs and delay. But the chronology is striking.

Simplified visual explainer

Eight years and counting

  1. 1

    June 2018 — Paul Samuel dies on Alpamayo, aged 55

  2. 2

    2023 — disagreements about estate assets and their division reach the High Court

  3. 3

    September 2026 — back in the High Court before Master Francesca Kaye

  4. 4

    The application is adjourned — the estate is still not fully distributed

Chronology as reported. There is no verified published figure for the total legal costs.

Legal fees are not the only cost of an inheritance dispute. There may also be professional administration costs; trustee and executor expense; valuation costs; time spent dealing with disputes; delay in beneficiaries receiving assets; and the personal cost of remaining connected through litigation.

The cost of an inheritance war is not always found on a solicitor’s bill.

What could mediation actually do?

Mediation cannot force an executor to retire. It cannot make a binding judicial finding about misconduct. And there will be cases where a court ruling on removal is genuinely required. But where the real objective is to complete an estate administration, probate mediation can potentially deal with the machinery of getting there.

1. Identify what is actually outstanding. Which assets remain to be distributed? Which documents are required? Which valuations remain disputed? What decisions still need to be made?

2. Agree who does what. Who obtains information, instructs valuers, signs documents and deals with tax or professional advisers? Who has responsibility for each remaining step?

3. Put dates against it. Documents by one date. Valuations by another. Transfers by another. Final accounts by another.

4. Resolve valuation disputes. A single independent valuer, or a mechanism for selecting one; how valuation assumptions will be determined; and what happens if a valuation remains disputed.

5. Control future costs. Which professional work is genuinely necessary, who may authorise it, how costs are allocated, and what happens before further substantial expense is incurred.

6. Change the people or the process. If people can no longer work together, mediation can explore consensual retirement, replacement, appointment of an independent professional, allocation of particular tasks, or another practical structure — subject always to any necessary legal or court requirements.

7. Create a real clean break. Assets, documents, costs, implementation, deadlines, future communication — and what happens if something goes wrong.

A court and a mediator ask different questions

The court asks: Should an executor or trustee be removed? Has the estate been properly administered? Who should administer it? What order should be made? Who pays the costs?

The mediator asks: What remains to be done? Why hasn’t it happened? Who needs what information? Can disputed valuations be resolved? Can responsibilities be divided? Can future costs be controlled? Can a timetable be agreed? Can we get this estate finished?

The clean break that wasn’t

The division of the will trusts was reportedly intended to achieve a clean break between Ana and Kate. Yet approximately three years after the earlier proceedings, the administration is still incomplete.

Agreeing who gets what may not be enough. A settlement may also need to answer: who? what? when? how? — and what happens if something goes wrong?

An agreement to divide an estate is only as good as the machinery for actually dividing it.

Could this case have been mediated?

Perhaps. We do not know whether mediation has previously been attempted. A judicial determination may now be required if the parties genuinely cannot agree who should administer the estate.

But the reported history suggests that the practical objective is one which both sides say they want: completion of the estate administration. That is exactly the sort of objective around which mediation can be structured. The mediator does not have to decide who has been to blame for every year of delay. The parties can instead ask: what has to happen now?

Eight years later

Paul Samuel appears to have lived an extraordinary life. He crossed seas, trekked through jungles and climbed some of the world’s great mountains. His final expedition ended tragically on Alpamayo in June 2018.

More than eight years later, the administration of the estate he left behind is still unfinished. The High Court may now have to decide who should be responsible for completing it.

But there is a wider lesson. Sometimes the problem is not who should inherit? Everybody may already know the answer. The problem is how do we actually get there? That is where mediation can have a very practical role.

Sometimes mediation isn’t about compromising the inheritance. It’s about finding a way to deliver it.

Related reading

Cases referred to & sources

The price of the war

There is no verified published figure for the total legal costs of this estate dispute, and none should be inferred; the parties disagree about responsibility for costs and delay. The chronology speaks for itself: Paul Samuel died in June 2018, the estate was in the High Court in 2023, and it returned in September 2026 — with the administration still unfinished and the current application adjourned.

What could a mediated settlement have looked like?

These are examples of settlement structures which mediation could have explored. They are not outcomes which actually occurred, and the legal, tax and practical consequences of any settlement require appropriate professional advice.

A completion timetable

An agreed list of outstanding steps, with named responsibility and dates for documents, valuations, transfers and final accounts.

Resolving valuations

A single independent valuer, or an agreed mechanism for selecting one and resolving any remaining disagreement.

Changing the people or process

Consensual retirement, replacement or the appointment of an independent professional, subject to any necessary legal or court requirements.

Controlling future costs

Agreement on which professional work is needed, who authorises it and how costs are allocated. If the parties cannot agree who should administer the estate, a court ruling may still be required.

Inheritance Wars

Four questions

What did the court have to decide?
Whether Ana should be removed as executor and co-trustee and what arrangements should govern completion of the estate administration. The current application has not yet been finally determined.
What did the parties risk?
Further delay, further professional expense and further litigation over an estate which has already remained under administration for more than eight years.
What could mediation have done differently?
Focus on completing the administration: identifying outstanding tasks, allocating responsibility, resolving valuation and information issues, controlling future costs and agreeing an enforceable timetable.
What should families and advisers learn?
An inheritance dispute does not necessarily end when everybody knows who is supposed to receive the money. Implementation matters. Where relationships are difficult, the settlement needs a practical route to completion.

Inheritance Wars

Real cases. Real families. Real consequences.

The court can decide who is right. Mediation asks whether there is another way.

Is your dispute beginning to look like an inheritance war?

Inheritance disputes often become harder to resolve as costs increase, positions become entrenched and family relationships deteriorate.

Mediation provides an opportunity to explore settlement before the outcome is left entirely to the court.

ProMediate Inheritance, Probate & Trusts provides specialist mediation for disputes involving wills, estates, trusts, inheritance and family property.

Meet our mediators

Mediation is voluntary and confidential, subject to the mediation agreement and applicable legal exceptions. The mediator is neutral, does not decide who is right and does not provide legal advice. This article provides general information about mediation and the reported decisions referred to above. It does not constitute legal advice.

© 2026 ProMediate (UK) Limited. All rights reserved.

This article may not be reproduced, republished or substantially copied without the prior written permission of ProMediate (UK) Limited. Short quotations may be used for legitimate commentary or citation provided that ProMediate is clearly credited as the source.

← Back to Insights

Insights

More from Inheritance Wars

Illustrative mediation table with two chairs; not the Rogers or Wills family or a scene from the proceedings.

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: when caring for a parent becomes a £127,500 claim against the estate

A daughter recovered £127,500 for caring for her mother. What does Rogers v Wills mean for care agreements, inheritance and mediation?

Peter Causton, Barrister and Mediator · 26 October 2026 · 8 min read

Editorial illustration for Armstrong v Armstrong, showing a deed of variation, farm keys and a rural farmhouse setting, accompanying ProMediate’s Inheritance Wars article about proprietary estoppel and family farm promises. It does not depict the Armstrong family or their farms.

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: “Don’t You Trust Your Father?” — The Farm Promise That Lasted 35 Years

For more than 35 years Richard Armstrong was promised the family farm. After surrendering an inheritance worth well over £1 million, his father changed his will. The High Court considered proprietary estoppel in Armstrong v Armstrong.

Peter Causton · 24 September 2026 · 13 min read

Illustrative still life: five cream envelopes on a dark wooden table, four grouped together and one set apart, beside a will tied with red ribbon and a photograph frame lying face down. It does not depict the Oliver family.

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: Five Children — and the Will That Left Everything to One Son

William Oliver’s longstanding wills divided his estate between his children. After his wife’s death a new will effectively favoured one son. In Oliver v Oliver [2024] EWHC 2289 (Ch), the High Court found lack of testamentary capacity and undue influence.

Peter Causton · 24 September 2026 · 14 min read

Closed legal papers tied with ribbon beside a memorial card, an empty photograph frame and white lilies on a dark table.

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: When a Family Dispute Continues Beyond Death

The High Court’s decision in Ofori-Kuma v Fordjor shows how grief, family relationships and cultural beliefs can collide after a death — and why early mediation may help families resolve sensitive probate disputes.

Peter Causton · 9 September 2026 · 12 min read

Editorial illustration of a will, two abstract signature samples and a magnifying glass on a solicitor’s desk.

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Solicitor, the Forged Will — and the Daughter Left With Nothing

A solicitor's supposed final will left his only daughter nothing and another man everything. The High Court held the disputed will was not genuine.

Peter Causton · 1 July 2025 · 18 min read

Editorial illustration of an open box of inherited gold jewellery beside a family photograph and house key.

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: Ten Children, a Family Home — and a Box Full of Gold

Ten siblings spent more than a decade disputing their mother's estate, including family loans, a mortgage, rent and a safe-deposit box of gold jewellery. Kaur v Kaur [2025] EWHC 2806 (Ch).

Peter Causton · 3 November 2025 · 19 min read

Editorial illustration of representative luxury assets and property keys claimed in an inheritance dispute.

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: The £38.5 Million Estate, the Patek Philippe and the Claim That Came Four Years Too Late

A man who said he had been treated as a son sought around £5m from a £38.5m estate, including a South Kensington flat, classic Mercedes and luxury watch. But his Inheritance Act claim was more than four years late.

Peter Causton · 9 March 2026 · 17 min read

Editorial illustration representing a dispute about where an unmarried partner was living before death.

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: His Partner Said They Lived Together — His Children Said She Was Only His Tenant

After being left nothing, an unmarried partner claimed against an estate stated at just under £1.4m. Jassal v Shah turned on where the couple lived and later generated an appeal over £140,000 plus VAT in litigation costs.

Peter Causton · 6 September 2026 · 17 min read

Editorial illustration representing grandchildren in a family inheritance dispute.

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: Their Father Died First — Then Grandad’s New Will Left Them £50 Each

Five granddaughters challenged their grandfather’s later will after it replaced the share their late father would have received with £50 legacies. Gowing v Ward and the risks of a changed family will.

Peter Causton · 6 September 2026 · 16 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Farmer With Dementia, the Son Who Died — and the 58 Acres That Changed Hands

Property & Estoppel

Inheritance Wars: The Farmer With Dementia, the Son Who Died — and the 58 Acres That Changed Hands

A Welsh farmer with cognitive impairment changed his will after his son's death. Hughes v Pritchard reached the Court of Appeal over testamentary capacity and a longstanding promise of farmland.

Peter Causton · 6 September 2026 · 17 min read

Inheritance Wars: 66 Years of Marriage — and Her Husband Left Everything to the Sons

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: 66 Years of Marriage — and Her Husband Left Everything to the Sons

After 66 years of marriage, Harbans Kaur's husband left his estate solely to their sons. She successfully claimed 50% under the Inheritance Act 1975.

Peter Causton · 6 September 2026 · 14 min read

Inheritance Wars: What Can Mediation Do That a Judge Cannot?

Mediation & ADR

Inheritance Wars: What Can Mediation Do That a Judge Cannot?

A judge decides the legal issues put before the court. Mediation asks what arrangement could actually resolve the dispute — drawing on the family farms, family homes, charitable legacies and family businesses of the Inheritance Wars series.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 9 min read

Inheritance Wars: The 95-Year-Old Mother, the Two Feuding Brothers and the House That Changed Hands

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The 95-Year-Old Mother, the Two Feuding Brothers and the House That Changed Hands

Jessica Schrader had capacity and knew what her 2006 will said, yet the High Court held it was procured by undue influence. Schrader v Schrader [2013] EWHC 466 (Ch) explained.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 15 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Left Her £1 Million Farm to a Charity She Didn’t Even Like

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Left Her £1 Million Farm to a Charity She Didn’t Even Like

Joyce Gill left her £1m-plus family farm to the RSPCA and excluded her only daughter. Gill v Woodall became a leading contested-will case on knowledge and approval and undue influence.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 16 min read

Inheritance Wars: “One Day This Will All Be Yours” — When Expecting the Family Farm Isn’t Enough

Property & Estoppel

Inheritance Wars: “One Day This Will All Be Yours” — When Expecting the Family Farm Isn’t Enough

A farmer's only son expected to inherit the family farm but lost claims based on proprietary estoppel and testamentary capacity. James v James shows why family expectations are not necessarily legal promises.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 15 min read

Inheritance Wars: “That’s for My Death Duties” — The Farmer Who Promised a Farm Without Ever Quite Saying So

Property & Estoppel

Inheritance Wars: “That’s for My Death Duties” — The Farmer Who Promised a Farm Without Ever Quite Saying So

For nearly 30 years David Thorner worked unpaid on a relative’s farm believing he would inherit it. The farmer died intestate. Thorner v Major became a leading proprietary estoppel case.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 14 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Husband and Wife Who Signed Each Other’s Wills

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Husband and Wife Who Signed Each Other’s Wills

A solicitor accidentally gave a husband and wife each other's mirror wills to sign. The mistake eventually reached the Supreme Court. Marley v Rawlings explains will rectification and the cost of a simple execution error.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 12 min read

Inheritance Wars: The £10 Million Promise by a Swimming Pool in Vietnam

Property & Estoppel

Inheritance Wars: The £10 Million Promise by a Swimming Pool in Vietnam

A son-in-law said his parents-in-law promised him their multimillion-pound family business beside a swimming pool in Vietnam. The court rejected the claim. What does the Fabric Land dispute teach about proprietary estoppel?

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 13 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Father Who Reconciled With the Daughter He Had Cut Out of His Will — But Never Changed It

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: The Father Who Reconciled With the Daughter He Had Cut Out of His Will — But Never Changed It

A father excluded his daughter after decades of estrangement, then reconciled with her but never changed his will. McDaniel v Talbot explains when an adult child may succeed under the Inheritance Act 1975.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 14 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Believed Her Son Tried to Murder His Brother

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Believed Her Son Tried to Murder His Brother

A 93-year-old mother disinherited her son after believing he had tried to murder his brother. The High Court overturned the later will. The Dalton case shows how dementia, false beliefs and undue influence can collide in inheritance disputes.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 13 min read

Inheritance Wars From the Archives: The Man Who Saw Devils — But Was Still Sane Enough to Make a Will

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars From the Archives: The Man Who Saw Devils — But Was Still Sane Enough to Make a Will

John Banks believed he was pursued by devils and persecuted by a dead man. Yet his will was valid. Discover how Banks v Goodfellow created the test for testamentary capacity still used today.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 14 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Tyre Millionaire, the Secret Will and the Four Children at War

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Tyre Millionaire, the Secret Will and the Four Children at War

Four children, a multimillion-pound family business, a secret later will and a four-week High Court trial. Bond v Webster shows why testamentary capacity and knowledge and approval matter in contested wills.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 15 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Husband and Wife Who Died Together — and the £300,000 Question of Who Died First

Joint Property

Inheritance Wars: The Husband and Wife Who Died Together — and the £300,000 Question of Who Died First

A husband and wife died at home and nobody knew who died first. Scarle v Scarle decided which family inherited their £300,000 joint assets using a little-known rule from 1925.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 13 min read

Inheritance Wars: “Lazy, Useless and Druggy” — The Daughter Her Father Deliberately Cut Out of a £1.4 Million Estate

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: “Lazy, Useless and Druggy” — The Daughter Her Father Deliberately Cut Out of a £1.4 Million Estate

Roger Howe deliberately excluded his only daughter from his £1.4m estate. She nevertheless received £125,000 under the Inheritance Act 1975. What does Howe v Howe tell us about estranged adult-child claims?

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 14 min read

Inheritance Wars: The 92-Year-Old Who Tore Up Her Will on Her Deathbed

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The 92-Year-Old Who Tore Up Her Will on Her Deathbed

A 92-year-old woman tore up her will on her deathbed but was too weak to finish. Crew v Oakley considered whether the will was legally revoked and who inherited her £800,000 estate.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 12 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Daughter Who Cared for Her Mother — and the Three Brothers Who Said She Took Control of the Will

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Daughter Who Cared for Her Mother — and the Three Brothers Who Said She Took Control of the Will

Rea v Rea involved a daughter who cared for her mother, three brothers challenging a will and allegations of undue influence. The Court of Appeal ultimately upheld the will.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 13 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Left Her Daughter Nothing — and £486,000 to Animal Charities

Inheritance Act

Inheritance Wars: The Mother Who Left Her Daughter Nothing — and £486,000 to Animal Charities

Can an estranged adult child challenge a parent's will? Ilott v The Blue Cross is the leading Supreme Court case on adult-child claims under the Inheritance Act 1975.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 12 min read

Inheritance Wars: The Harry Potter Books, the Disinherited Daughter and the £350,000 Estate

Contested Wills

Inheritance Wars: The Harry Potter Books, the Disinherited Daughter and the £350,000 Estate

Clitheroe v Bond concerned a disinherited daughter, alleged delusions and a £350,000 estate. What does the case teach about testamentary capacity and probate mediation?

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 12 min read

Inheritance Wars: “One Day This Will All Be Yours” — The Family Farm Promise That Ended in Court

Property & Estoppel

Inheritance Wars: “One Day This Will All Be Yours” — The Family Farm Promise That Ended in Court

Winter v Winter shows how promises about inheriting a family farm or business can override later testamentary arrangements through proprietary estoppel.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 10 min read

The £200,000 Stamp Collection Sold for £1: When a Will Dispute Costs Almost as Much as the Estate

Contested Wills

The £200,000 Stamp Collection Sold for £1: When a Will Dispute Costs Almost as Much as the Estate

What Neate v Heselden teaches about contested wills, testamentary freedom, knowledge and approval, litigation costs and the role of probate mediation.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 9 min read

Inheritance Wars: The £5 Million Estate and a £490,000 Costs Bill

Probate & Estates

Inheritance Wars: The £5 Million Estate and a £490,000 Costs Bill

Fourteen years after a death, an estate said to be worth up to £5 million remained largely unadministered, declarations of trust were found to be shams and indemnity costs approaching £490,000 were ordered on account.

Peter Causton · 4 September 2026 · 9 min read